Noocyada fungicides
1.1 Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka kiimikada
Fungicides-ka dabiiciga ah:Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee fungicides-yadani waa xeryahooda organic ka kooban yahay kaarboon. Sababtoo ah kala duwanaanshiyaha qaabdhismeedka, fungicides organic waxay si wax ku ool ah u xakameyn karaan cuduro kala duwan.
Chlorothalonil: fungicides ballaaran, oo badanaa loo isticmaalo khudaarta, miraha iyo dhirta qurxinta.
Thiophanate-methyl: ka hortagga iyo daaweynta cudurrada, lagu dabaqi karo geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo wixii la mid ah.
Thiophanate-Methyl 70% WP Fungicide
Fungicides-ka aan dabiiciga ahayn:Fungicides-ka aan nooleyn waxay inta badan ka kooban yihiin isku-dhisyo aan dabiici ahayn, sida naxaas, baaruud iyo wixii la mid ah. Fungicides-yadan ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa beeraha waxayna leeyihiin muddo dheer oo hadhaa ah.
dareeraha Bordeaux: ka hortagga iyo daaweynta cudurrada geedaha miraha, khudaarta, iwm.
Sulfur: fungicides dhaqameed, loo isticmaalo canabka, khudaarta, iwm.
1.2 Sida laga soo xigtay isha alaabta ceeriin ee fungicides
Fungicides-ka aan dabiiciga ahayn:Marka lagu daro diyaarinta naxaasta iyo baaruudka, fungicides-yadan waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa si loo xakameeyo cudurada fangas iyo bakteeriyada.
Copper oxychloride: xakamaynta fangas iyo cudurada bakteeriyada.
Fungicides sulfur organic:Fungicides-yadani waxay inta badan dilaan bakteeriyada pathogenic iyagoo sii daaya hydrogen sulfide, oo badanaa loo isticmaalo xakamaynta caarada budada ah iyo cudurrada kale ee fungal.
Budada sulfur: xakamaynta caarada budada ah, miridhka iyo wixii la mid ah.
Organophosphorus fungicides:Xeryahooda Organophosphorus waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa beeraha si loo xakameeyo cudurrada bakteeriyada iyo fungal, oo leh baaxad ballaaran iyo waxtar sare leh.
Mancozeb: fungicides ballaaran, xakamaynta cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Fungicides arsenic organic:In kasta oo ay waxtar leeyihiin, hadda waa laga saaray sababtoo ah suntooda sare.
Arsenic acid: sunta sare, hadda waa la tirtiray.
Fungicides-ka ka soo jeeda Benzene:Fungicides-yadani waa kala duwan yihiin qaab dhismeedyo waxaana caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo cudurro kala duwan, sida caariyaysi hoose iyo caariyaysi budo ah.
Carbendazim: fungicides ballaaran, xakamaynta geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo cudurrada kale.
Fungicides Azole:Fungicides Azole waxay joojisaa isku-darka xuubabka unugyada fangas si ay u dilaan bakteeriyada pathogenic, oo si ballaaran loo isticmaalo xakamaynta cudurrada miraha iyo khudradda.
Tebuconazole: hufnaan sare, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo geedaha miraha, xakamaynta cudurada khudradda.
Fungicide systemic Tebuconazole 25% EC
Fungicides Copper:Diyaargarowga naxaasta ayaa leh saameyn bakteeriyo ah oo xooggan, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo xakamaynta cudurada fangas iyo bakteeriyada.
Copper hydroxide: xakamaynta geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo cudurrada kale.
Antibiyootikada fungicides:Antibiyootigyada ay soo saaraan microorganisms, sida streptomycin iyo tetracycline, inta badan loo isticmaalo in lagu xakameeyo cudurrada bakteeriyada.
Streptomycin: xakamaynta cudurrada bakteeriyada.
Fungicides-ka isku dhafan:Isku-darka noocyada kala duwan ee fungicides waxay hagaajin kartaa saameynta fungicidal waxayna yareyn kartaa caabbinta bakteeriyada pathogenic.
Zineb: fungicides-ka isku dhafan, xakamaynta cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Ilaalinta Dalagyada Fungicides Zineb 80% WP
Fungicides kale:Oo ay ku jiraan qaar cusub oo fungicides gaar ah, sida dhirta laga soo saaro iyo walxaha noolaha.
Geedka shaaha saliidda lagama maarmaanka ah: dhirta dabiiciga ah waxay soo saartaa fungicides, bakteeriyada ballaaran.
1.3 Marka loo eego habka loo isticmaalo
Wakiilada ilaalinta: waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagaga hortago in uu cudurku dhaco.
Isku darka Bordeaux: oo laga sameeyay copper sulfate iyo lime, waxay leedahay saameyn ballaaran oo bakteeriyada ah waxaana inta badan loo isticmaalaa si looga hortago cudurada fangas iyo bakteeriyada ee geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo dalagyada kale.
Sulfur joojinta: maaddada ugu muhiimsan waa baaruud, oo si ballaaran loo isticmaalo ka hortagga iyo xakamaynta cudurrada fangas badan, sida caariyaysi budada ah, miridhku iyo wixii la mid ah.
Wakiilada daaweynta: waxaa loo isticmaali jiray in lagu daweeyo cudurro horay u dhacay.
Carbendazim: fungicides ballaaran oo leh saameyn ka hortag iyo daaweyn, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo ka hortagga iyo xakamaynta geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo cudurrada kale ee fangas.
Thiophanate-methyl: Waxay leedahay saameyn habaysan iyo daaweyn, waxaana si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa xakameynta cudurrada geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo ubaxa.
Ciribtirayaasha: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in si buuxda loo baabi'iyo cudurada.
Formaldehyde: waxaa loo isticmaalaa jeermis-dile ciidda, oo leh nadiifin xooggan iyo ciribtirka cudur-sidaha, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo iyo daaweynta ciidda aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo.
Chloropicrin: qiiqa carrada, oo loo isticmaalo in lagu dilo bakteeriyada pathogenic, cayayaanka iyo abuurka haramaha ee ciidda, oo ku habboon aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo, lagu koriyo iyo dhul-beereed.
Wakiilada habaysan: Lagu nuugo xididada ama caleemaha dhirta si loo gaaro xakameynta dhirta oo dhan.
Tebuconazole: fungicides nidaamsan oo ballaadhan, waxay dishaa bakteeriyada pathogenic iyadoo la joojinayo isku-darka xuubabka unugyada fangas, oo si ballaaran loogu isticmaalo geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo dalagyada cuntada.
Ka ilaaliye: loo isticmaalo si looga hortago qudhunka unugyada dhirta.
Copper sulfate: oo leh saamaynta bakteeriyada iyo jeermiska-jeermiska, sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo ka-hortagga iyo xakamaynta cudurrada bakteeriyada ee dhirta iyo si looga hortago suuska unugyada dhirta.
1.4 Marka loo eego sifooyinka dhaqdhaqaaqa
Nidaamka Fungicides: waxaa nuugi kara geedka oo loo maareeyo geedka oo dhan, oo leh saameyn wanaagsan oo xakameyn ah.
Pyraclostrobin: nooc cusub oo ah fungicide systemic systemic ballaaran oo leh ka hortag iyo saameyn daweyn, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo geedaha miraha, khudaarta iyo wixii la mid ah.
Pyraclostrobin Fungicide 25% SC
Fungicides aan sorbent ah: kaliya door ka ciyaara goobta codsiga, ma guuri doono geedka.
Mancozeb: fungicide-ka-ilaaliye ballaadhan, oo inta badan loo isticmaalo xakamaynta cudurrada fangas, ma guuri doono geedka ka dib codsiga.
1.5 Marka loo eego takhasuska waxqabadka
Fungicides-goob badan (aan ahayn kuwo khaas ah).: ku dhaqmo wax ka badan hal hab oo nafsiyeed oo ah cudur-sidaha.
Mancozeb: wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa habab badan oo nafsiyeed oo cudur-sidaha ah, wuxuu leeyahay saameyn ballaaran oo bakteeriyada, wuxuuna ka hortagaa cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Hal meel (gaar ah) fungicides: kaliya ku dhaqma habka jireed ee gaarka ah ee cudur-sidaha.
Tebuconazole: Waxay u shaqeysaa hababka jireed ee gaarka ah ee pathogene waxayna dishaa bakteeriyada pathogenic iyadoo la xakameynayo isku-darka xuubka unugyada fangas.
1.6 Marka loo eego hababka kala duwan ee ficilka
Fungicides-ka difaaca: oo ay ku jiraan saamaynta bakteeriyada xidhiidhka iyo saamaynta bakteeriyada hadhaaga ah.
Mancozeb: fungicide-ilaaliye ballaadhan, oo loo isticmaalo ka hortagga cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Sulfur-joojin: fungicides-ballaaran, oo loo isticmaalo ka-hortagga iyo xakamaynta caariyaysiga budada iyo miridhku.
Fungicides habaysan: oo ay ku jiraan apical conduction iyo basal conduction.
Pyraclostrobin: fungicide nidaamsan oo ballaadhan oo cusub oo leh saameyn ka hortag iyo daaweyn.
Propiconazole: fungicides nidaamsan, oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo ka hortagga iyo xakamaynta cudurrada firileyda, geedaha miraha iyo dalagyada kale.
Propiconazole fungicides organic 250g/L EC
1.7 Marka loo eego habka loo isticmaalo
Daaweynta ciidda:
Formaldehyde: waxaa loo isticmaalaa jeermis-dile ciidda, dila bakteeriyada cudur-sidaha ee ciidda.
Daaweynta jirida iyo caleenta:
Carbendazim: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu buufiyo afkoda dhirta iyo caleemaha si loo xakameeyo cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Daaweynta abuurka:
Thiophanate-methyl: waxaa loo isticmaalaa daawaynta abuurka si looga hortago jeermiska abuurka iyo gudbinta cudurada.
1.8 Marka loo eego ka kooban kiimiko oo kala duwan
Fungicides-ka aan dabiiciga ahayn:
Isku darka Bordeaux: isku dar ah sulfate copper iyo lime, fungicides ballaaran.
Sulfur: si weyn loo isticmaalo xakamaynta caarada budada ah, miridhka iyo wixii la mid ah.
Fungicides-ka dabiiciga ah:
Carbendazim: fungicides ballaaran, xakamaynta cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Tebuconazole: fungicides nidaamsan oo ballaadhan, waxay joojisaa isku-darka xuubka unugyada fangas.
Fungicides noolaha:
Streptomycin: antibiyootiga ay soo saaraan microorganisms, inta badan loo isticmaalo in lagu xakameeyo cudurrada bakteeriyada.
Antibiyootiga fungicides-ka beeraha:
Streptomycin: antibiyootiga, xakamaynta cudurrada bakteeriyada.
Tetracycline: antibiyootiga, xakamaynta cudurada bakteeriyada.
Fungicides-ka-soo-saarka dhirta:
Geedka shaaha saliidda lagama maarmaanka ah: laga soosaaray dhirta dabiiciga ah oo leh saameyn ballaaran oo bakteeriyada.
1.9 Marka loo eego noocyada kala duwan ee qaabdhismeedka kiimikada
Fungicides-ka ka soo jeeda Carbamate:
Carbendazim: fungicides ballaaran si loo xakameeyo cudurrada fangas ee kala duwan.
Daawooyinka fungicides:
Metribuzin: caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo xakamaynta haramaha, sidoo kale waxay leedahay saameyn fungicidal ah.
Fungicides heterocyclic lix xubnood ah:
Pyraclostrobin: fungicide nidaamsan oo ballaaran oo cusub oo leh saameyn ka hortag iyo daaweyn.
Fungicides heterocyclic oo shan xubnood ka kooban:
Tebuconazole: fungicides nidaamsan oo ballaadhan, waxay joojisaa isku-dhafka xuubka unugyada fangas.
Organophosphorus iyo methoxyacrylate fungicides:
Methomyl: caadi ahaan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo cayayaanka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay leedahay saameyn fungicidal gaar ah.
Fungicides Copper:
Isku darka Bordeaux: isku dar ah sulfate naxaas ah iyo lime, nadiifin ballaaran.
Fungicides sulfur inorganic:
Sulfur joojinta: si weyn loo isticmaalo xakamaynta caariyaysi budada ah, miridhku, iwm.
Fungicides arsenic organic:
Arsenic acid: sunta sare, hadda waa la tirtiray.
Fungicides kale:
Soosaarista dhirta iyo xeryahooda cusub (sida geedka shaaha saliidda lagama maarmaanka ah): Saamaynta bakteeriyada ballaaran ee spectrum, ilaalinta deegaanka iyo badbaadada.
Qaabka fungicides
2.1 Budada (DP)
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo sunta cayayaanka asalka ah iyo buuxinta aan shaqaynayn ee lagu daray qayb gaar ah, budada la shiiday oo la miiray. Guud ahaan loo isticmaalo buufinta budada ee wax soo saarka.
2.2 Budada la qoyan karo (WP)
Waa sunta cayayaanka asalka ah, buuxinta iyo xaddi cayiman oo lagu daro, marka loo eego isku dhafka buuxa iyo burburinta, si loo gaaro qaniimo gaar ah oo budada ah. Waxa loo isticmaali karaa buufinta.
2.3 Emulsion (EC)
Waxa kale oo loo yaqaan "emulsion". By kii hore ee sunta cayayaanka iyadoo loo eegayo qayb gaar ah oo dareere organic iyo emulsifiers ku milmay dareere saliid ah oo hufan. Waxa loo isticmaali karaa buufinta. Emulsion waa sahlan tahay in la dhex geliyo epidermis-ka cayayaanka, oo ka fiican budada qoyan.
2.4 Aqueous (AS)
Qaar ka mid ah sunta cayayaanka ayaa si fudud ugu milmay biyaha, waxaana lagu isticmaali karaa biyo iyada oo aan wax lagu darin. Sida crystalline lithosulfuric acid, double cayayaanka, iwm.
2.5 Granules (GR)
Waxa lagu sameeyay iyadoo la isku dhejiyay qadar gaar ah oo wakiil ah oo leh qaybo carro ah, dhoobo, leben, ciid. Caadi ahaan buuxinta iyo sunta cayayaanka ayaa la isku jajabiyaa si ay u dhadhamiyaan qaar ka mid ah budada, ku dar biyo iyo wakiil caawiye si aad u sameyso granules. Waxaa lagu faafin karaa gacanta ama si farsamaysan.
2.6 Wakiilka cayrinta (gel ka joojinta) (SC)
Isticmaalka qoyan ee ultra-micro-shiidid, budada cayayaanka lagu kala firdhiyey biyo ama saliid iyo surfactants, samaynta qaabab dareere ah oo qulqulaya viscous. Wakiilka cayrinta oo lagu qaso qayb kasta oo biyo ah si loo milo, oo ku habboon siyaabo kala duwan oo loo buufiyo. Ka dib buufinta, waxay badbaadin kartaa 20% ~ 50% sunta cayayaanka asalka ah sababtoo ah caabbinta biyaha roobka.
2.7 Fumigant (FU)
Isticmaalka walxaha adag ee leh sulfuric acid, biyaha iyo walxaha kale si ay uga falceliyaan si ay u soo saaraan gaasaska sunta ah, ama isticmaalka dareeraha dhibicda karkarinta hoose ee wakiilada sunta sunta ah, qiiqa xiran iyo meelo kale oo gaar ah si loo dilo cayayaanka iyo jeermiska diyaarinta.
2.8 Aerosol (AE)
Aerosol waa dareere ama dareere saliid adag oo sunta cayayaanka ah, isticmaalka kulaylka ama xoogga farsamada, dareeraha ku kala firdhiya joojinta joogtada ah ee dhibcaha yaryar ee hawada, waxay noqdaan aerosol.
Farsamaynta fungicides
3.1 Saamaynta qaabka iyo shaqada unugga
Fungicides waxay xakameysaa korriinka iyo taranka bakteeriyada pathogenic iyaga oo saameeya sameynta derbiyada unugyada fangas iyo biosynthesis xuubka plasma. Qaar ka mid ah fungicides waxay ka dhigaan unugyada pathogene aan la ilaalin iyagoo burburinaya isku dhafka gidaarka unugyada, taas oo ugu dambeyntii keenta dhimashada unugyada.
3.2 Saamaynta wax soo saarka tamarta gacanta
Fungicides waxay faragelin karaan habka wax soo saarka tamarta ee cudur-sidaha iyada oo loo marayo waddooyin kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, qaar ka mid ah fungicides waxay joojiyaan glycolysis iyo fatty acid β-oxidation, si jeermisku uusan u soo saari karin tamar si caadi ah, taas oo ugu dambeyntii keenta geeridooda.
3.3 Saamaynta isku-dhafka walxaha dheef-shiid kiimikaadka gacanta iyo hawlahooda
Qaar ka mid ah fungicides waxay u dhaqmaan iyaga oo farageliya isku-dhafka asiidhyada nucleic-ka fungal iyo borotiinnada. Nidaamyada dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah korriinka iyo taranka cudurada; Sidaa darteed, iyadoo la xakameynayo hababkaas, fungicides waxay si wax ku ool ah u xakameyn karaan dhacdooyinka iyo faafitaanka cudurrada.
3.4 Keenista is-xakamaynta dhirta
Fungicides qaar ka mid ah ma aha oo kaliya inay si toos ah ugu dhaqmaan bakteeriyada pathogenic, laakiin sidoo kale waxay keenaan iska caabbinta cudurada dhirta. Fungicides-yadani waxay ka dhigi karaan dhirta inay soo saaraan "walxaha difaaca" kuwaas oo si gaar ah uga soo horjeeda cudur-sidaha ama ka qaybqaata dheef-shiid kiimikaadka si ay u soo saaraan walxo firfircoon oo ka hortaga cudurada, taas oo kordhinaysa caabbinta dhirta ee cudurada.
Gabagabo
Fungicides waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan beeraha casriga ah iyagoo xakameynaya kana hortagaya cudurrada dhirta siyaabo kala duwan. Noocyada kala duwan ee fungicides waxay leeyihiin sifooyin u gaar ah marka la eego qaab dhismeedka kiimikada, qaabka loo isticmaalo, sifooyinka dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo habka ficilka, taas oo ka dhigaysa iyaga oo si ballaaran loogu isticmaalo codsiyada beeraha ee kala duwan. Xulashada macquulka ah iyo isticmaalka fungicides waxay si wax ku ool ah u wanaajin kartaa wax-soosaarka iyo tayada dalagyada waxayna xaqiijin kartaa horumarinta joogtada ah ee wax-soo-saarka beeraha.
FAQ
FAQ 1: Waa maxay fungicides organic?
Fungicides-ka dabiiciga ah waa fungicides-ka laga sameeyay xeryahooda dabiiciga ah oo ay ku jiraan kaarboon, kuwaas oo leh qaabab kala duwan iyo saameyn ballaaran oo bakteeriyada ah.
FAQ 2: Waa maxay noocyada ugu waaweyn ee fungicides?
Noocyada qiyaasta ugu muhiimsan ee fungicides waxaa ka mid ah budada, budada qoyan, saliidaha emulsifiable, xalalka aqueous, granules, jel, fumigants, aerosols iyo fumigants.
FAQ 3: Waa maxay faraqa u dhexeeya fungicide habaysan iyo fungicide aan habsaamin ahayn?
Fungicides waxay nuugi kartaa geedka waxayna u gudbisaa geedka oo dhan, taas oo leh saameyn wanaagsan oo xakameyn ah; Fungicides-ka aan sorbent-ka ahayn waxay ka shaqeeyaan kaliya goobta codsiga mana u guuraan geedka.
FAQ 4: Sidee fungicides-ku u saameeyaa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka gacanta?
Fungicides waxay joojisaa korriinka iyo taranka cudur-sidaha iyaga oo farageliya isku-dhafka asiidhyada nucleic-ka iyo borotiinka, saameeya habka wax-soo-saarka tamarta, iyo burburinta qaab-dhismeedka unugyada.
FAQ 5: Waa maxay faa'iidooyinka fungicides-ka-soo-saarka dhirta?
Fungicides-ka dhirta waxaa laga sameeyaa wax-soo-saarka dhirta guud ahaanna waa ku yar yihiin sunta, deegaanka u saaxiib ah oo ay u badan tahay inay yeeshaan iska caabin.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-01-2024
